Nordland County, Norway

Last Updated on 27 January 2026 by Johan

Nordland County, Norway, is one of the country most geographically diverse and culturally rich regions. Stretching across a long coastal strip in Northern Norway, Nordland covers 38,155 km² and has a population of approximately 240,345 residents . Its administrative center is Bodø, a growing city known for its cultural scene, aviation history, and proximity to dramatic natural landscapes.

Nordland is part of the region known as Nord‑Norge, and its identity is shaped by deep fjords, towering mountains, island archipelagos, and a coastline that extends for thousands of kilometers. The county includes world‑famous destinations such as Lofoten, Vesterålen, Helgeland, Salten, and Narvik, each offering unique attractions for visitors.

Geography and Landscape

Nordland’s landscape is defined by contrasts. The region includes:

  • Steep alpine mountains rising directly from the sea
  • Deep fjords carved by glaciers
  • Thousands of islands and skerries
  • Large inland valleys and forests
  • The Arctic Circle, which crosses Nordland at Saltfjellet

The county’s coastline is among the longest in Norway, with the Helgeland coast alone stretching over 57,000 km when counting all islands and inlets. This dramatic geography has shaped settlement patterns, culture, and economic activity for centuries.

Climate and Natural Phenomena

Nordland’s climate varies from coastal maritime conditions to colder inland weather. Visitors can experience:

  • Midnight Sun (late May to mid‑July in northern areas)
  • Northern Lights (best viewed from September to April)
  • Polar Night (in the far north, where the sun does not rise for several weeks)

These natural phenomena make Nordland a year‑round destination for nature enthusiasts.

Population and Municipalities

Nordland consists of 41 municipalities, ranging from small island communities to larger towns such as Bodø, Narvik, and Rana. The population is spread across a long region, with many communities located along the coast or on islands. The county’s cultural identity is influenced by coastal traditions, Sami heritage, and modern Norwegian society .

Economy and Industry

Nordland’s economy is diverse, with major sectors including:

Fisheries and Aquaculture

The region has some of the richest fishing grounds in the world. Cod fishing, especially around Lofoten, has been central to the economy for centuries.

Agriculture

Agriculture is concentrated in the southern and inland areas, with dairy farming being particularly important.

Hydropower and Industry

Nordland’s steep mountains and abundant water resources have enabled large‑scale hydropower production. This has supported industries such as:

  • Aluminium production (e.g., Mosjøen)
  • Ferrosilicon production (e.g., Salten Verk)
  • Cement production

Tourism

Tourism is a rapidly growing sector, driven by interest in nature, wildlife, culture, and outdoor activities.

Major Regions of Nordland

Nordland is commonly divided into five cultural and geographical regions, each offering distinct experiences for travelers.

Helgeland

Helgeland is the southernmost part of Nordland and is known for:

  • The Helgeland Coast, one of Norway’s most scenic coastal routes
  • The Seven Sisters mountain range
  • The UNESCO World Heritage island Vega
  • Thousands of islands ideal for kayaking and cycling

The region is rich in coastal culture and traditional fishing communities.

Bodø and Salten

Bodø, the county capital, is a vibrant city with museums, restaurants, and cultural events. It is also the gateway to:

  • Saltstraumen, the world’s strongest tidal current
  • Rago National Park, known for dramatic wilderness
  • The Arctic Circle at Saltfjellet

Bodø was named European Capital of Culture 2024, highlighting its growing cultural importance.

Lofoten

Lofoten is one of Norway’s most iconic destinations. It is famous for:

  • Dramatic mountain peaks rising from the sea
  • Fishing villages such as Reine, Henningsvær, and Nusfjord
  • White‑sand beaches like Haukland and Uttakleiv
  • The annual Lofoten cod fishing season
  • Hiking, kayaking, and photography opportunities

Lofoten’s scenery has inspired artists and writers for generations.

Vesterålen

Located north of Lofoten, Vesterålen offers:

  • Excellent whale‑watching opportunities
  • Gentle mountains and wide valleys
  • The island of Andøya, known for its space research center and scenic coastal road

Vesterålen is less crowded than Lofoten but equally rich in natural beauty.

Narvik Region

Narvik is an important transport and industrial hub. It is known for:

  • An ice‑free deep‑water port
  • The Ofoten Railway, connecting to Sweden
  • World War II history
  • Skiing and mountain activities

Narvik’s strategic location has shaped its development for over a century.

The Arctic Circle and Svartisen Glacier

The Arctic Circle crosses Nordland at Saltfjellet, where the Arctic Circle Center welcomes visitors. This area is also home to:

  • Svartisen, Norway’s second‑largest glacier
  • Limestone caves in Rana
  • Scenic mountain plateaus

These natural attractions make the region popular among hikers and road‑trippers.

Driving and Transportation

Nordland is accessible by:

  • E6 highway, the main north–south route
  • Coastal Route RV17, known for its scenic ferry crossings
  • Bodø Airport, with domestic and some international connections
  • Hurtigruten coastal ships, stopping at several Nordland ports
  • Railway to Bodø, the northernmost point of the Norwegian rail network

Electric Car Travel in Nordland

Norway is a world leader in electric vehicle adoption. EV drivers benefit from:

  • Exemption from road tax
  • Reduced or free tolls
  • Access to bus lanes in some areas

Nordland continues to expand its charging infrastructure, with charging points available in towns, hotels, shopping centers, and along major roads.

Tourism and Activities

Nordland offers a wide range of activities for visitors:

Hiking

From easy coastal walks to challenging mountain routes, Nordland is a hiker’s paradise.

Fishing

Both sea and freshwater fishing are popular, with opportunities for guided trips.

Wildlife Watching

Visitors can see whales, sea eagles, puffins, and reindeer.

Cultural Experiences

Museums, Sami cultural centers, and historical sites offer insight into the region’s heritage.

Winter Activities

Skiing, snowshoeing, and Northern Lights tours are available in many areas.

Lofoten: A Closer Look

Lofoten deserves special attention due to its global popularity. The archipelago covers 1,227 km² and has around 25,000 residents. The E10 highway runs the length of the islands, ending in the village of Å. Lofoten’s combination of mountains, beaches, fishing villages, and wildlife makes it one of Norway’s most photographed regions.

Bodø: A Modern Arctic City

Bodø is a key transportation hub and cultural center. Highlights include:

  • Norwegian Aviation Museum
  • Stormen Concert Hall
  • Coastal hiking trails
  • Easy access to Saltstraumen

Bodø’s modern infrastructure and cultural offerings make it an ideal base for exploring Nordland.

Conclusion

Nordland County is a region of extraordinary natural beauty, cultural richness, and outdoor adventure. Whether exploring the dramatic peaks of Lofoten, crossing the Arctic Circle, visiting Bodø’s cultural attractions, or discovering the quiet islands of Helgeland, travelers will find endless opportunities for exploration.

With its combination of modern infrastructure, traditional coastal culture, and world‑class landscapes, Nordland stands out as one of Norway’s most compelling destinations.

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