Last Updated on 30 January 2026 by Johan

London is one of the world’s most visited cities, known for its rich history, diverse culture, and iconic landmarks. As the capital of the United Kingdom, it blends centuries‑old architecture with cutting‑edge modernity. From royal palaces and world‑class museums to vibrant markets and green parks, London offers something for every traveler. This updated guide provides accurate, current information to help visitors make the most of their stay.

The Structure of the City

London can be broadly divided into several key areas that help visitors navigate its vast urban landscape:

The City of London

The City of London, often referred to as “The Square Mile,” is the historic core of the capital and today serves as one of the world’s leading financial districts. It stands on the site of Roman Londinium, and traces of the ancient settlement can still be found in the surviving sections of the Roman Wall. Beyond its modern skyline of glass towers, the area is home to medieval churches, narrow lanes, and centuries‑old guild halls that reveal its long commercial heritage. Visitors can explore landmarks such as St Paul’s Cathedral, the Museum of London Docklands, and the atmospheric Leadenhall Market. The district also features public art installations, riverside walkways, and hidden courtyards that offer a quieter contrast to the surrounding bustle. Despite its business‑focused reputation, the City hosts cultural festivals, historic pubs, and guided walking tours that bring its layered past to life.

Westminster, London

Westminster is the political center of the UK. It is home to the Houses of Parliament, Big Ben, Westminster Abbey, and numerous government buildings. This district is essential for anyone interested in British history, politics, and royal ceremonies.

The West End

The West End is London’s entertainment and shopping hub. It includes Covent Garden, Leicester Square, Piccadilly Circus, and Oxford Street. The area is famous for its theatres, flagship stores, restaurants, and nightlife.

Surrounding Districts to London

Areas such as Kensington, Chelsea, Marylebone, Camden, and Shoreditch each offer their own character. Kensington is known for museums and elegant streets, Camden for markets and music, and Shoreditch for street art and creative culture.

Major Attractions in London

Trafalgar Square

Trafalgar Square remains one of London’s most recognizable public spaces. Dominated by Nelson’s Column and flanked by the National Gallery, it is a gathering place for celebrations and cultural events. The square’s fountains, statues, and seasonal displays make it a lively stop for visitors.

The Tower of London

A UNESCO World Heritage Site, the Tower of London dates back to the 11th century. It has served as a fortress, royal residence, prison, and treasury. Today, it houses the Crown Jewels and offers guided tours led by the Yeoman Warders. Visitors can explore the White Tower, medieval battlements, and the famous ravens, which remain a symbol of the monarchy’s continuity.

Tower Bridge

Completed in 1894, Tower Bridge is one of London’s most photographed landmarks. Its high‑level walkways provide panoramic views of the Thames and the city skyline. The Tower Bridge Exhibition showcases the bridge’s Victorian engineering and original steam engines.

St Paul’s Cathedral

Designed by Sir Christopher Wren and completed in 1710, St Paul’s Cathedral is an architectural masterpiece. Its dome remains one of the largest in the world. Visitors can explore the Whispering Gallery, the crypt, and the Golden Gallery, which offers sweeping views across London.

The Millennium Bridge and Tate Modern

The Millennium Bridge connects St Paul’s Cathedral with the South Bank. It leads directly to Tate Modern, one of the world’s leading museums of modern and contemporary art. Housed in a former power station, Tate Modern features works by Picasso, Warhol, Rothko, and many others.

The London Eye

At 135 meters tall, the London Eye is one of the city’s most popular attractions. Its glass capsules offer 360‑degree views of the skyline, including the Houses of Parliament, Buckingham Palace, and The Shard. It operates year‑round, with extended hours in summer.

Houses of Parliament and Big Ben

The Palace of Westminster is the seat of the UK Parliament. Big Ben, officially the Elizabeth Tower, is one of the world’s most famous clock towers. Visitors can tour parts of the building, attend debates, or explore nearby Westminster Abbey, the site of coronations and royal ceremonies.

Buckingham Palace, London

Buckingham Palace is the official London residence of the British monarch. The Changing of the Guard ceremony takes place outside the palace and attracts large crowds. During summer, parts of the State Rooms open to the public.

Museums and Galleries in London

London’s museums are among the best in the world, and many offer free admission.

British Museum

The British Museum houses global collections spanning thousands of years, including the Rosetta Stone and Egyptian mummies. It remains one of the most visited museums in the UK.

Victoria and Albert Museum

The V&A is dedicated to art, design, and craftsmanship. Its collections include fashion, ceramics, sculpture, and decorative arts from around the world.

Natural History Museum

Famous for its dinosaur exhibits and grand Romanesque architecture, the Natural History Museum is a favorite among families. It also features galleries on ecology, human evolution, and Earth sciences.

National Gallery and National Portrait Gallery

Located in Trafalgar Square, the National Gallery displays European paintings from the 13th to the 19th centuries. The adjacent National Portrait Gallery showcases portraits of notable British figures.

Tate Britain and Tate Modern

Tate Britain focuses on British art from the 1500s to the present, while Tate Modern highlights international modern and contemporary works.

Shopping and Markets in London

London offers a wide range of shopping experiences:

Covent Garden

A lively district with boutiques, craft stalls, street performers, and restaurants. The historic market building hosts artisan goods and seasonal events.

Oxford Street and Regent Street

These major shopping streets feature global brands, department stores, and flagship shops.

Camden Market

Known for alternative fashion, street food, and music culture, Camden Market is a must‑visit for those seeking unique finds.

Portobello Road Market

Located in Notting Hill, this market is famous for antiques, vintage clothing, and fresh produce.

Getting Around London

London’s public transport network is extensive and efficient.

London Underground

The Tube is the fastest way to travel across the city. It operates from early morning until after midnight, with Night Tube services on select lines during weekends.

Buses

London’s red buses cover the entire city and offer scenic routes. Night buses operate when the Tube is closed.

Docklands Light Railway (DLR)

The DLR serves East London, including Canary Wharf, Greenwich, and London City Airport.

River Services

Thames Clippers provide river transport between key locations such as Westminster, Tower Bridge, and Greenwich.

Payment Options

Visitors can use contactless payment cards, mobile wallets, or Oyster cards. Transport for London recommends contactless payment for the best fares.

Practical Tips for Tourists in London

Best Time to Visit

London is a year‑round destination. Spring and autumn offer mild weather and fewer crowds. Summer brings festivals and long daylight hours, while winter features Christmas markets and seasonal events.

Visitor Information Centres in London

Official visitor centres provide maps, travel advice, and attraction tickets.

Accessibility of London

Transport for London offers detailed accessibility information, including step‑free stations and mobility assistance.

Safety in London

London is generally safe, but visitors should remain aware of their surroundings, especially in crowded areas.

London Events and What’s New in 2026

London continues to expand its cultural offerings. According to official tourism sources, the city hosts major exhibitions, theatre premieres, and international sporting events throughout the year. New museum openings, updated attractions, and large‑scale festivals ensure that even returning visitors will find something new to explore.

Sources

• Visit London (Official Visitor Guide): https://www.visitlondon.com
• VisitBritain (UK National Tourism Board): https://www.visitbritain.com
• Transport for London (TfL): https://tfl.gov.uk
• Greater London Authority – London Datastore (Tourism Forecasts): https://data.london.gov.uk (data.london.gov.uk in Bing)
• Londonist (City Events and Updates): https://londonist.com