Kefalonia, Greece: The Ultimate Travel Guide to the Ionian’s Largest Island

Last Updated on 7 August 2025 by Johan

Kefalonia is the largest of Greece’s Ionian Islands, spanning roughly 781 km² with a resident population of about 35,000. Known for its spectacular beaches, rugged mountains, and vibrant villages, the island blends mythic history with modern comforts—making it a must-visit destination in western Greece.

Geography and Climate

Kefalonia stretches 55 km from north to south, with an irregular coastline boasting over 250 km of beaches and secluded coves. The island’s centerpiece is Mount Ainos, rising to 1,628 m and home to fir forests, wild horses, and the Ainos National Park.

The Mediterranean climate brings hot, dry summers (June–September) and mild, wet winters (November–March). Shoulder seasons—April–May and late September–October—offer warm days and fewer crowds, ideal for hiking, sightseeing, and swimming.

Getting There and Getting Around

Kefalonia International Airport (EFL) near Argostoli handles seasonal flights from Europe and Athens. Ferries connect:

  • From Mainland Greece: Paxi–Antirrio to Sami or Poros.
  • From Nearby Islands: Daily car and passenger ferries link Issos (Lixouri) to Argostoli (about 20 min).

On-island transport includes rented cars, scooters, and KTEL buses linking Argostoli, Lixouri, Sami, and Poros. Taxis operate in major towns, and boat charters allow exploration of hidden bays.

Main Towns and Villages

Argostoli (Capital)

Set around a lagoon crossed by a stone bridge, Argostoli is Kefalonia’s administrative and cultural hub. Highlights include the Korgialenio Historic and Folklore Museum, bustling waterfront cafés, and seafood tavernas along Lithostroto Street.

Lixouri

Opposite Argostoli across the bay, Lixouri is renowned for its long sandy beaches like Platis Gialos and Chalikounas. Visit the Municipal Museum (a converted 19th-century mansion) and explore the ancient city remnants at Pali.

Fiscardo

The only village spared the 1953 earthquake, Fiscardo charms with Venetian mansions, pastel façades, and a marina lined with upscale restaurants. It’s the perfect base for sailing excursions to nearby Ithaki and Lefkada.

Sami, Poros, Agia Efimia

On the eastern shore, Sami is the gateway to Melissani and Drogarati caves. Poros and Agia Efimia offer pebbled beaches, dive centers, and boat trips to remote coves like Antisamos and Myrtos.

History, Myth, and Culture

Kefalonia’s name may derive from the mythological Cephalus or the Greek for “headland.” After the Trojan War, local legends say Cephalus founded settlements here. Key heritage sites:

  • Melissani Cave: A half-submerged cavern with an underground lake that glows turquoise in sunlight.
  • Drogarati Cave: Famous for its stalactites and exceptional acoustics, often hosting concerts.
  • Monastery of Agios Gerasimos: Honoring the island’s patron saint, it lies between Argostoli and Michata amid olive groves.
  • Ancient Roman Tomb: Discovered near Sami, this 2nd-4th century AD sepulcher contained gold jewelry, pottery, and house-shaped masonry.

Beaches and Outdoor Activities

Kefalonia’s coastline caters to all tastes:

  • Myrtos Beach: Iconic white pebbles and emerald waters, framed by towering cliffs.
  • Antisamos: A pebbled bay surrounded by olive-clad hills, with kayaking and snorkel rentals.
  • Petani: A west-coast sunset spot with dramatic vistas.

Inland, trails lead through Mount Ainos’s fir-forested slopes. Local operators offer guided hikes, mountain-bike excursions, scuba diving in sea caves, and vineyard tours sampling Robola wine.

Accommodation and Dining

Lodging ranges from boutique hotels in Fiscardo to family-run guesthouses in mountain hamlets like Fiskardo and Sami. Many properties boast sea views, infinity pools, and locally sourced breakfasts featuring honey, fresh fruit, and homemade cheeses.

Tavernas emphasize fresh seafood (spiny lobster, rockfish), traditional stews, and local specialties like skordostoumbi (eggplant with garlic sauce). Don’t leave without tasting Kefalonian Robola wine and taking home extra-virgin olive oil.

Practical Tips

  • ATMs and major credit cards are accepted in Argostoli and Fiscardo; rural villages often prefer cash.
  • English is widely spoken in tourism hubs; some Greek phrases go a long way in villages.
  • Summer water shortages occasionally occur—bottled water is recommended.
  • Mobile coverage is strong in towns but may drop in mountainous areas.

References to Official Sources