Chartres France

Last Updated on 31 August 2025 by Johan

Located in north-central France, Chartres rises from the fertile plains of the Centre-Val de Loire region, approximately 90 kilometers southwest of Paris. The city is built on a prominent hill above the Eure River, a tributary of the Seine, and is surrounded by smaller towns and communes such as Luisant, Le Coudray, Champhol, and Lèves. As the capital of the Eure-et-Loir department, Chartres serves as a cultural and historical hub within a region known for its Gothic architecture, religious heritage, and scenic countryside.

Explanation of the Name

The name Chartres is believed to derive from the ancient Gallic tribe known as the Carnutes, who inhabited the area before Roman conquest. The Latin name Autricum was used during Roman times, referencing the nearby Eure River (then called Autura). Over centuries, the name evolved into Carnutum, and eventually Chartres, reflecting both its tribal origins and its transformation into a Christian stronghold. The city’s name today evokes its deep historical roots and its role as a spiritual center in medieval France.

History

The strategic location of Chartres made it a fortified settlement long before Roman rule. Archaeological evidence suggests that Gallic kings maintained a stronghold here, and by the time of the Roman Empire, the city had become a regional center. After the fall of Rome, Chartres came under the control of Christian rulers, and by the 10th century, it had established itself as a religious capital.

The original Christian church in Chartres was destroyed by fire before the 10th century. Bishop Fulbert, who received support from monarchs across Europe, initiated the construction of a new cathedral around 1021. This structure was again damaged by fire in the 12th century, prompting the creation of the current Chartres Cathedral, a masterpiece of early French Gothic architecture.

Throughout its history, Chartres witnessed significant events, including visits from Henry V of England and Mary, Queen of Scots, as well as violent episodes during the French Revolution. The city endured multiple sieges and periods of destruction, yet its architectural and spiritual legacy remained intact.

Tourist Highlights

Chartres is best known for its exceptional Gothic cathedral, but the city offers a wide array of attractions that span centuries of history, art, and culture.

Religious Architecture

The Cathedral of Chartres is the city’s most iconic monument and a UNESCO World Heritage Site. Built primarily in the 12th and 13th centuries, it features soaring towers, intricate portals, and some of the finest examples of medieval stained glass in Europe. The north tower, dating from the 16th century, is richly decorated with sculptural ornamentation, while the south tower rises to approximately 350 feet and is more austere in design.

  • Address: 16 Cloître Notre-Dame, 28000 Chartres
  • Opening hours: Daily, 8:30–19:30 (subject to seasonal variation)
  • Entry: Free; guided tours available for a fee
  • Parking: Underground parking at Place des Épars
  • Public transport: Accessible via Chartres Station, 10-minute walk
  • Google Maps: Chartres Cathedral

Inside the cathedral, visitors can admire the vast nave, the sculpted choir screen, and the famous Assumption monument by Bridan. The crypt, one of the oldest parts of the building, contains 14 chapels and remnants of early mural paintings. The cathedral’s rose windows and lancet windows are particularly notable for their vibrant colors and detailed iconography.

Other Churches and Religious Sites

  • Church of Saint Aignan: A 16th-century church with Renaissance elements, stained glass windows, and the tomb of its namesake bishop.
  • Church of Saint Pierre: Known for its dazzling stained glass and robust buttresses, this church retains elements of its medieval portal despite damage during the Revolution.

Museums and Cultural Institutions

  • Museum of Fine Arts (Musée des Beaux-Arts): Located in the former bishop’s palace, this museum houses collections of tapestries, religious art, and Roman artifacts.
  • Chartres Library: Contains rare manuscripts and missals dating back to the Middle Ages.
  • Maison Picassiette: A unique mosaic-covered house created by local artist Raymond Isidore, showcasing outsider art and folk creativity.

Public Art and Urban Heritage

The historic center of Chartres is filled with narrow alleys, timber-framed houses, and remnants of medieval walls. A tree-lined promenade encircles the old town, offering scenic views of the surrounding plain and glimpses of architectural details. Public sculptures and seasonal light installations enhance the city’s artistic appeal.

Seasonal Events and Festivals

  • Chartres en Lumières: From April to October, the city’s monuments are illuminated with artistic projections each evening.
  • Festival International d’Orgue: Held in summer, this organ music festival features performances in the cathedral and other churches.
  • Christmas Market: In December, the city center transforms into a festive village with artisanal stalls and holiday decorations.

Culinary and Local Tips

  1. Les Feuilles de Chartres: A local pastry made with almond and puff pastry, available in traditional bakeries.
  2. Marché de la Place Billard: A vibrant market offering regional produce, cheeses, and charcuterie every Wednesday and Saturday.
  3. La Table de Julie: A recommended restaurant serving modern French cuisine with seasonal ingredients.

Outdoor Activities

  • Eure River Walks: Scenic trails along the Eure River, ideal for walking and cycling.
  • Jardin de l’Évêché: A formal garden behind the cathedral with panoramic views and seasonal flower beds.
  • Canal Boat Tours: Operated in summer, offering a different perspective of the city’s waterways and bridges.

Sources